Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: April-June | Volume: 3 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 28-34
Characterization of Lipid Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Jouslin K Baranwal1, Robin Maskey2, Ojaswee Sherchand1, Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari3
1Assistant Professor, 3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, 2Additional Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Corresponding Author: Jouslin K Baranwal
ABSTRACT
Different patterns of dyslipidemia can be observed in T2DM patients apart from the most common lipid triad viz high TGs, low HDL-c and high small LDL-c. Characterization of lipid abnormalities is important as it can guide physicians to individualize lipid lowering intervention. Also, newer indices like atherogenic index of plasma, Apo B and non-HDL levels and various lipid ratios can be more conclusive than just the absolute levels of lipid parameters. The aim of our study was to observe the presence of various patterns of dyslipidemia and use of aforementioned indices and various lipid ratios to characterize dyslipidemia in Nepalese T2DM patients. The study is a hospital based retrospective study comprising 336 patients. The commonest pattern of dyslipidemia found was Isolated Hypertriglyceridemia (23.8%) followed by CHL (23.2%), AD (21.4%), isolated low HDL (17.9%) and Isolated Hypercholestrolemia (10%). Isolated Hypercholestrolemia was found to be highest in males where as females had high but equal prevalences of CHL, AD and Isolated Hypertriglyceridemia. The commonest abnormality observed among deranged absolute lipid parameter was increased TG (58.3%), followed by TC (38.1%), low HDL (36.9%) and high LDL (35.1%). Considerably high percentage of patients (58.3%) had abnormal Apo B. Higher percentage of younger cohort had abnormal absolute lipid values than the elderly cohort. 48.6% of patients having normal LDL-C level had high TG/HDL followed by 47.7%, 25.5% and 14.7% of patients who had normal LDL-C but high values of Apo B, AIP and Non- HDL cholesterol suggesting use of additional parameters to LDL-c level in stratifying CVS risk in these patients. Differences in pattern of dyslipidemia among patients of T2DM should not be overlooked while deciding the lipid lowering therapy. Other lipid indices should be used in addition to absolute levels of lipid profile parameters to understand actual CVS risk imposed by diabetic dyslipidemia.
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, Dyslipidemia characterization, Nepal.